Sick Rohingya refugee children take a rest in their temporary shelter at Kutupalong makeshift refugee camp in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, September 14, 2017. REUTERS/Danish Siddiqui
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  • Sick Rohingya refugee children take a rest in their temporary shelter at Kutupalong makeshift refugee camp in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, September 14, 2017. REUTERS/Danish Siddiqui
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    Sick Rohingya refugee children take a rest in their temporary shelter at Kutupalong makeshift refugee camp in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, September 14, 2017. REUTERS/Danish Siddiqui

  • Rohingya refugees from Myanmar gather around a truck delivering food aid in Ukhia on September 14, 2017. Around 379,000 Rohingya have sought refuge in Bangladesh from violence in Myanmar's Rakhine state that started August 25, after Rohingya militants attacked police posts there. / AFP / MUNIR UZ ZAMAN
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    Rohingya refugees from Myanmar gather around a truck delivering food aid in Ukhia on September 14, 2017. Around 379,000 Rohingya have sought refuge in Bangladesh from violence in Myanmar's Rakhine state that started August 25, after Rohingya militants attacked police posts there. / AFP / MUNIR UZ ZAMAN

  • Rohingya Muslims walk to the shore after arriving on a boat from Myanmar to Bangladesh in Shah Porir Dwip, Bangladesh, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2017. Nearly three weeks into a mass exodus of Rohingya fleeing violence in Myanmar, thousands were still flooding across the border Thursday in search of help and safety in teeming refugee settlements in Bangladesh. (AP Photo/Dar Yasin)
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    Rohingya Muslims walk to the shore after arriving on a boat from Myanmar to Bangladesh in Shah Porir Dwip, Bangladesh, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2017. Nearly three weeks into a mass exodus of Rohingya fleeing violence in Myanmar, thousands were still flooding across the border Thursday in search of help and safety in teeming refugee settlements in Bangladesh. (AP Photo/Dar Yasin)

  • A Rohingya refugee cooks food in her temporary shelter at Kutupalong makeshift refugee camp in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, September 14, 2017. REUTERS/Danish Siddiqui
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    A Rohingya refugee cooks food in her temporary shelter at Kutupalong makeshift refugee camp in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, September 14, 2017. REUTERS/Danish Siddiqui

  • Rohingya refugees from Myanmar gather around a truck delivering food aid in Ukhia on September 14, 2017. Around 379,000 Rohingya have sought refuge in Bangladesh from violence in Myanmar's Rakhine state that started August 25, after Rohingya militants attacked police posts there. / AFP / MUNIR UZ ZAMAN
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    Rohingya refugees from Myanmar gather around a truck delivering food aid in Ukhia on September 14, 2017. Around 379,000 Rohingya have sought refuge in Bangladesh from violence in Myanmar's Rakhine state that started August 25, after Rohingya militants attacked police posts there. / AFP / MUNIR UZ ZAMAN

  • REFILE - ADDING DISCLAIMER ATTENTION EDITORS - VISUAL COVERAGE OF SCENES OF INJURY OR DEATH Hamida, a Rohingya refugee woman cries as she holds her 40-day-old son, who died as a boat capsized in the shore of Shah Porir Dwip, in Teknaf, Bangladesh, September 14, 2017. REUTERS/Mohammad Ponir Hossain
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    REFILE - ADDING DISCLAIMER ATTENTION EDITORS - VISUAL COVERAGE OF SCENES OF INJURY OR DEATH Hamida, a Rohingya refugee woman cries as she holds her 40-day-old son, who died as a boat capsized in the shore of Shah Porir Dwip, in Teknaf, Bangladesh, September 14, 2017. REUTERS/Mohammad Ponir Hossain

  • Rohingya Muslim women, who crossed over from Myanmar into Bangladesh, wail as a relative lies unconscious after the boat they were traveling in capsized minutes before reaching shore at Shah Porir Dwip, Bangladesh, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2017. Nearly three weeks into a mass exodus of Rohingya fleeing violence in Myanmar, thousands were still flooding across the border Thursday in search of help and safety in teeming refugee settlements in Bangladesh. The woman survived. (AP Photo/Dar Yasin)
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    Rohingya Muslim women, who crossed over from Myanmar into Bangladesh, wail as a relative lies unconscious after the boat they were traveling in capsized minutes before reaching shore at Shah Porir Dwip, Bangladesh, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2017. Nearly three weeks into a mass exodus of Rohingya fleeing violence in Myanmar, thousands were still flooding across the border Thursday in search of help and safety in teeming refugee settlements in Bangladesh. The woman survived. (AP Photo/Dar Yasin)

  • A Rohingya Muslim man walks to shore carrying an elderly woman after they arrived on a boat from Myanmar to Bangladesh in Shah Porir Dwip, Bangladesh, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2017. Nearly three weeks into a mass exodus of Rohingya fleeing violence in Myanmar, thousands were still flooding across the border Thursday in search of help and safety in teeming refugee settlements in Bangladesh. Those who arrived Wednesday in wooden boats described ongoing violence in Myanmar, where smoke could be seen billowing from a burning village, suggesting more Rohingya homes had been set alight. (AP Photo/Dar Yasin)
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    A Rohingya Muslim man walks to shore carrying an elderly woman after they arrived on a boat from Myanmar to Bangladesh in Shah Porir Dwip, Bangladesh, Thursday, Sept. 14, 2017. Nearly three weeks into a mass exodus of Rohingya fleeing violence in Myanmar, thousands were still flooding across the border Thursday in search of help and safety in teeming refugee settlements in Bangladesh. Those who arrived Wednesday in wooden boats described ongoing violence in Myanmar, where smoke could be seen billowing from a burning village, suggesting more Rohingya homes had been set alight. (AP Photo/Dar Yasin)

  • TOPSHOT - This photograph taken on September 12, 2017 shows Rohingya refugees arriving by boat, as smoke rises from fires on the shoreline behind them, at Shah Parir Dwip on the Bangladesh side of the Naf River after fleeing violence in Myanmar. The UN Security Council on September 13 broke its weeks-long silence on the crisis in Myanmar and called for an end to the violence, as UN chief Antonio Guterres said the military campaign amounted to ethnic cleansing of Rohingya Muslims. / AFP / Adib Chowdhury
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    TOPSHOT - This photograph taken on September 12, 2017 shows Rohingya refugees arriving by boat, as smoke rises from fires on the shoreline behind them, at Shah Parir Dwip on the Bangladesh side of the Naf River after fleeing violence in Myanmar. The UN Security Council on September 13 broke its weeks-long silence on the crisis in Myanmar and called for an end to the violence, as UN chief Antonio Guterres said the military campaign amounted to ethnic cleansing of Rohingya Muslims. / AFP / Adib Chowdhury

  • Rohingya refugees walk towards the jetty at Shah Porir Dwip to reach the mainland, in Teknaf, Bangladesh, September 14, 2017. REUTERS/Mohammad Ponir Hossain
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    Rohingya refugees walk towards the jetty at Shah Porir Dwip to reach the mainland, in Teknaf, Bangladesh, September 14, 2017. REUTERS/Mohammad Ponir Hossain

  • Rohingya refugees stretch their hands to receive aid distributed by local organisations at Balukhali makeshift refugee camp in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, September 14, 2017. REUTERS/Danish Siddiqui TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY
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    Rohingya refugees stretch their hands to receive aid distributed by local organisations at Balukhali makeshift refugee camp in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, September 14, 2017. REUTERS/Danish Siddiqui TPX IMAGES OF THE DAY

  • Rohingya refugees disembark from a boat after crossing the border from Myanmar, on the Bangladeshi shores of the Naf river in Teknaf on September 14, 2017. Bangladeshi boat operators are exploiting Rohingya Muslims fleeing violence in Myanmar by demanding up to $100 for ferry trips that usually cost 50 cents, as the United Nations warned September 14 of a "worst case scenario" in which the entire minority group tries to escape the unrest. Some 389,000 Rohingya - including 10,000 in the past 24 hours -- have fled across the border since late August and there have been growing appeals for Myanmar's leader Aung San Suu Kyi to speak out in their defence. / AFP / MUNIR UZ ZAMAN
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    Rohingya refugees disembark from a boat after crossing the border from Myanmar, on the Bangladeshi shores of the Naf river in Teknaf on September 14, 2017. Bangladeshi boat operators are exploiting Rohingya Muslims fleeing violence in Myanmar by demanding up to $100 for ferry trips that usually cost 50 cents, as the United Nations warned September 14 of a "worst case scenario" in which the entire minority group tries to escape the unrest. Some 389,000 Rohingya - including 10,000 in the past 24 hours -- have fled across the border since late August and there have been growing appeals for Myanmar's leader Aung San Suu Kyi to speak out in their defence. / AFP / MUNIR UZ ZAMAN

  • Rohingya refugees are seen at Thaingkhali makeshift refugee camp in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, September 14, 2017. REUTERS/Danish Siddiqui
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    Rohingya refugees are seen at Thaingkhali makeshift refugee camp in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, September 14, 2017. REUTERS/Danish Siddiqui

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Amnistía Internacional (AI) afirmó que las pruebas de la limpieza étnica cometida por el Ejército en (Myanmar) son "irrefutables", tras el éxodo de casi 467.000 miembros de la minoría a la vecina Bangladesh.

En un comunicado, la ONG acusó a las fuerzas de seguridad de más de 80 incendios en aldeas rohingyas en el estado Rakáin (oeste), identificados por imágenes de satélite, y de tirotear a civiles de esta perseguida minoría étnica.

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Francisco Sanz

"Los datos son irrefutables: las fuerzas de seguridad de Birmania están prendiendo fuego al norte del estado de Rakáin en una campaña dirigida a expulsar a los rohingyas de Birmania. No se equivoquen: es una limpieza étnica", dijo Tirana Hassan, directora de Respuesta de Crisis de AI.

"Se observa aquí un patrón claro y sistemático de abusos. Las fuerzas de seguridad rodean un pueblo, disparan a la gente que huye presa del pánico y luego incendian las casas hasta los cimientos. En términos legales, se trata de crímenes de lesa humanidad: ataques sistemáticos y expulsión forzada de civiles", agregó el dossier.

Según testigos entrevistados por AI en Bangladesh, las fuerzas de seguridad dispararon contra aldeas rohingyas en respuesta a un ataque de militantes del Ejército de Salvación Rohingya de Arakan (ARSA, sigla en inglés) a varios puestos policiales en Rakáin (antiguo Arakan) el pasado 25 de agosto.

"El ejército atacó a las 11:00 de la mañana. Empezó a disparar contra las casas y la gente; el ataque duró una hora. Cuando terminó, vi a mi amigo muerto en la carretera", relató un rohingya sobre un incidente ocurrido en Maungdaw al día siguiente.

El secretario general de la ONU, António Guterres, urgió a las autoridades de Birmania a suspender las acciones militares contra los rohingyas y advirtió de que la violencia ha desencadenado una catástrofe humanitaria.

Preguntado por si lo que está sucediendo es una "limpieza étnica", el jefe de la ONU consideró que no hay otra forma mejor de describirlo.

La líder de facto birmana, la nobel de la paz Aung San Suu Kyi, ha atribuido las denuncias de limpieza étnica a una campaña de desinformación y ha anunciado a través de su portavoz, Zaw Htay, que no acudirá a la Asamblea General de la ONU en Nueva York, que la próxima semana debatirá la situación de los rohingya.

No obstante, el portavoz de Suu Kyi anunció que la líder de facto pronunciará un discurso el próximo día 19 dirigido a la nación y que también explicará a diplomáticos y periodistas la situación en Rakáin.

El portavoz explicó que la líder de Birmania no puede acudir a la asamblea de la ONU debido al "terrorismo", en referencia a ARSA, y a los conflictos "raciales y religiosos" en el citado estado.

Desde el pasado 25 de agosto, cerca de 380.000 rohingyas han huido a Bangladesh, a los que hay que sumar otros 87.000 que también lo hicieron entre finales de 2016 y principios de 2017, también debido a una operación militar tras un ataque de ARSA en la frontera.

El Ejército aseguró que en las dos operaciones ha abatido más de 400 insurgentes y detenido a alrededor de un centenar, y que el grupo armado mató entre ambas a 21 policías y soldados.

Se estima que más de un millón de rohingyas vivían en Rakáin víctimas de una creciente discriminación desde el brote de violencia sectaria de 2012, que causó al menos 160 muertos y dejó a unos 120.000 rohingyas confinados en 67 campos de desplazados.

Las autoridades birmanas no reconocen la ciudadanía a los rohingyas, les considera inmigrantes bengalíes y les impone múltiples restricciones, incluida la privación de movimientos.

(Fuente: EFE)

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